30.1 PSYCHOANALYSIS AND PSYCHOANALYTIC PSYCHOTHERAPY

GLEN O. GABBARD, M.D.
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Most psychotherapy conducted in the United States derives from psychoanalytic principles. Formal psychoanalysis, usually involving four or five sessions a week with the patient reclining on a couch, is taught in psychoanalytic institutes throughout the country. During his life, Sigmund Freud (1856–1939), the founder of psychoanalysis ([Linkleri görebilmeniz için üye olmanız gerekmektedir.. Buraya Tıklayın ve üye olun] ), predicted that the principles of the “talking cure” would ultimately be adapted into forms of psychotherapy. With some trepidation, he recognized that the “pure gold” offered by psychoanalysis would ultimately be “alloyed with the copper of suggestion.”

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FIGURE 30.1-1 Sigmund Freud in his Vienna office. (Etching by Max Pollak. Courtesy of Menninger Foundation Archives, Topeka, KS.)




Developments in the field since Freud's death suggest that his trepidation was perhaps unwarranted. Psychoanalytic (sometimes called psychodynamic) psychotherapies have been demonstrated to be highly effective and useful treatments for a wide range of disorders. Recent surveys suggest that psychoanalytic psychotherapy is still the major form of psychotherapy taught in training programs and the form of therapy that mental health professionals choose when they seek their own treatment. This modality usually takes place anywhere from one to three times per week, with the patient and therapist sitting face to face. This type of psychotherapy goes by a variety of names, including expressive psychotherapy, expressive-supportive psychotherapy, insight-oriented psychotherapy, intensive psychotherapy, and exploratory psychotherapy. In addition, a variation known as psychoanalytically or psychodynamically informed supportive psychotherapy is also widely practiced. All three of these modalities are considered in this section. Freud and some of his collaborators are pictured in [Linkleri görebilmeniz için üye olmanız gerekmektedir.. Buraya Tıklayın ve üye olun] .


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